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One of the professions the EU Directive covers with near-automatic recognition.

Germany · 6 routes available now

Also covered by the Directive's automatic route; scope of practice varies sharply by country.

Germany · 6 routes available now

Basic training and specialist training are recognised through separate procedures.

Directive route for EU qualifications, individual assessment for the rest.

Recognition and the separate right to own or run a pharmacy are not the same thing.

Regulated in most destinations but outside the Directive's automatic list.

Sectoral profession under the Directive; national registers add their own conditions.

Title protection and registration requirements differ widely across destinations.

Often bundled with radiation-protection certification that recognition does not cover.

Training length varies enough that compensation measures are common.

Academic recognition rarely suffices on its own; clinical licensing is separate.

Practice is tied to the destination's language, beyond any recognition decision.

Regulated in some destinations and merely title-protected in others.

Frequently confused with nursing; the reference occupation is a different one.

The route splits sharply between EU and non-EU qualifications.

Spain · 6 routes available now

Subject specialism is assessed alongside the teaching qualification itself.

Sits between vocational and higher education depending on the country.

Usually an additional qualification layered on a teaching degree.

Industry experience can substitute for formal study in some destinations.

Generally unregulated, but hiring depends on academic recognition of the degree.

A sectoral profession under the Directive, with chamber registration on top.

Title protection and the right to practise are separate questions in most destinations.

Regulation usually turns on whether you sign off structural work.

Rarely licensed, but employers ask for a level statement on the diploma.

Cadastral and land survey work is reserved to registered professionals in several countries.

National safety law, not the diploma, tends to be the binding requirement.

Installation work is reserved to certified trades in most destinations.

Gas work usually carries its own certification, separate from recognition.

Process-specific certificates often matter more than the qualification itself.

A classic dual-training occupation, which makes equivalence assessment complex.

Generally unregulated; food safety certification is the real requirement.

Regulated as a craft in some destinations and fully open in others.

The case where the recognition branch may have nothing to say, which puts the weight of the answer on work authorisation and on the degree comparability some permits demand.

Germany, Netherlands, Portugal, Ireland, Austria, Estonia, Malta, Denmark, Finland, Luxembourg, Norway, United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand · 65 routes available now